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Jumpstart from OSX

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Jumpstart from OSX Jonathan Perkin well-nigh me · rss · twitter · github Jumpstart from OSX Dec 09, 2008 tags: dhcp, grub, jumpstart, osx, solaris, tftp I recently built a new file server on which I planned to install Solaris 10 10/08. I’m not a fan of CD/DVD installs, so wanted to jumpstart via PXE, though I only had OSX handy. Here’s how I installed my new machine (gromit.adsl.perkin.org.uk/192.168.1.10) from my iMac (192.168.1.30) over the local network. Note that since writing this piece I’ve updated to Solaris 10 10/09, and have reverted the examples to use that instead. Step 1, Prepare File System First off, create a defended file system which we can export our jumpstart configuration from. You can probably skip this and just use any existing file system but this way everything is self-contained and we stave NFS exporting increasingly than we need. We use HFSX to ensure that the file system is specimen sensitive, HFS+ can rationalization problems with pkgadd(1M). $ hdiutil create -size 1g -type SPARSE -fs HFSX -volname "install" install $ hdiutil nail install.sparseimage -mountpoint /install Next up, download and mount sol-10-u8-ga-x86-dvd.iso. $ unshut sol-10-u8-ga-x86-dvd.iso Step 2, NFS Share /install and the DVD via NFS with the correct options. -alldirs allows clients to mount from any point within that file system (which jumpstart requires), and -maproot=root is moreover required by jumpstart. As this allows root-owned files to be created, make sure you understand the security risks. $ sudo vi /etc/exports /install -alldirs -maproot=root /Volumes/SOL_10_1009_X86 -alldirs -maproot=root $ sudo nfsd checkexports && sudo nfsd enable Step 3, DHCP For DHCP I happen to once use my Cisco router as a DHCP server on the local network, so widow the pursuit configuration: ip dhcp pool gromit.adsl.perkin.org.uk host 192.168.1.10 255.255.255.0 hardware-address xxxx.xxxx.xxxx bootfile /boot/grub/pxegrub next-server 192.168.1.30 client-name gromit domain-name adsl.perkin.org.uk dns-server xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx default-router 192.168.1.1 however, given this is a guide for setting everything up under OSX I moreover tried using ISC DHCP on OSX to prove it can be washed-up that way too. I used pkgsrc to install it (I’ll add flipside blog some time showing how to set up pkgsrc) $ cd /usr/pkgsrc/net/isc-dhcpd $ sudo bmake package And here is my DHCP configuration file in full: option domain-name "adsl.perkin.org.uk"; option domain-name-servers xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx; ddns-update-style none; authoritative; log-facility local7; subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { option routers 192.168.1.1; } group { filename "/boot/grub/pxegrub"; next-server 192.168.1.30; host gromit { hardware ethernet xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx; fixed-address 192.168.1.10; option host-name "gromit.adsl.perkin.org.uk"; } } Finally, start DHCP with: $ sudo /usr/pkg/sbin/dhcpd Most parts of these configurations should be self-explanatory. The /boot/grub/pxegrub entry is important for our next step, and I’d recommend using that word-for-word pathname for reasons explained later. Step 4, TFTP Now, enable the TFTP server which comes with OSX. I widow the -s option so tftpd would chroot to the tftpboot directory, both for security reasons and moreover to ensure that paths specified as /path/to/file would work correctly (relative to /install/tftpboot). I moreover reverted the location of the tftpboot directory so that everything was self-contained within the UFS image. In previous attempts I didn’t do this and ran into problems with GRUB which I think are then caused by case-insensitive file systems. $ sudo vi /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/tftp.plist [...] <key>ProgramArguments</key> <array> <string>/usr/libexec/tftpd</string> <string>-i</string> <string>-s</string> <string>/install/tftpboot</string> </array> [...] $ mkdir /install/tftpboot $ sudo launchctl load -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/tftp.plist You can then create a test file and trammels that it’s working as you expect, using: $ reverberate "testing" >/install/tftpboot/testfile $ printf "verbose\ntrace\nget testfile\n" | tftp localhost $ rm /install/tftpboot/testfile Step 5, GRUB Next up, configure PXE booting using GRUB. We need to reprinting the GRUB images and configuration from the Solaris install DVD then modify it for our environment: $ rsync -av /Volumes/SOL_10_1009_X86/boot/grub /install/tftpboot/boot/ $ rsync -av /Volumes/SOL_10_1009_X86/boot/multiboot /install/tftpboot/sol10u8x/ $ rsync -av /Volumes/SOL_10_1009_X86/boot/x86.miniroot /install/tftpboot/sol10u8x/ As we are copying the marching files from the DVD, they come hardcoded with particular pathnames to e.g. the menu.lst file. While it may be possible to pass uneaten parameters to pxegrub and load this from a variegated path, I simply recommend doing as I do and replicating the /boot/grub/ path structure so that everything Just Works. The menu.lst file includes kernel arguments and allows you to segregate which type of install to perform at startup. My file listed unelevated has 3 choices: Unattended install using a graphical environment (if available). The “install” keyword without the kernel instructs it to perform an unattended install, so long as it can find the necessary settings from sysidcfg etc. As above, but gravity the use of the panel and do not start a graphical environment (using the “nowin” keyword) A transmission install, so you need to go through the steps of layout out disks, selecting packages, etc. $ vi /install/tftpboot/boot/grub/menu.lst default=0 timeout=60 title Solaris PXE Unattended Install kernel /sol10u8x/multiboot kernel/unix - install -B \ install_media=192.168.1.30:/Volumes/SOL_10_1009_X86,\ sysid_config=192.168.1.30:/install/jumpstart,\ install_config=192.168.1.30:/install/jumpstart module /sol10u8x/x86.miniroot title Solaris PXE Unattended Install (console) kernel /sol10u8x/multiboot kernel/unix - install nowin -B \ install_media=192.168.1.30:/Volumes/SOL_10_1009_X86,\ sysid_config=192.168.1.30:/install/jumpstart,\ install_config=192.168.1.30:/install/jumpstart module /sol10u8x/x86.miniroot title Solaris PXETransmissionInstall kernel /sol10u8x/multiboot kernel/unix -B \ install_media=192.168.1.30:/Volumes/SOL_10_1009_X86 module /sol10u8x/x86.miniroot Anyone used to doing jumpstart but with RARP/bootparams will notice the symmetry between install_config etc in the GRUB configuration and similar options in /etc/bootparams. Make sure that the full kernel arguments are all on one line, and that there are no spaces in between the install_media=..,sysid_config=.. options. Step 6, Jumpstart Finally, set up your Jumpstart configuration. Here’s what I personally use, you may want something different: $ mkdir /install/jumpstart $ cd /install/jumpstart $ vi sysidcfg name_service=DNS { domain_name=adsl.perkin.org.uk name_server=xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx } network_interface=PRIMARY { default_route=192.168.1.1 netmask=255.255.255.0 protocol_ipv6=yes } nfs4_domain=dynamic root_password=xxxxxxxx terminal=xterm timeserver=localhost timezone=Europe/London security_policy=NONE service_profile=limited_net system_locale=C Ordinarily this file is processed using a trammels script misogynist in the jumpstart_sample directory on the Solaris DVD, however this only works from a Solaris host. To create the rules.ok file, we need to strip out any comments and put entries on one line, then create the checksum (although this isn’t unquestionably necessary). $ vi rules # emacs sucks :) hostname gromit.adsl.perkin.org.uk - profile - $ cp rules rules.ok $ reverberate "# version=2 checksum=$(cksum -o 2 rules | awk '{print $1}')" >> rules.ok Machine profile. This gives me a full Solaris install (minus OEM stuff) on mirrored ZFS disks with spare dump/swap space (the defaults made dump a bit too small I found). $ vi profile install_type initial_install pool store wheels 4g 4g mirror c1t0d0s0 c1t1d0s0 bootenv installbe bename sol10u8x cluster SUNWCall Step 7, Make A Cup Of Tea With everything set up you should be worldly-wise to enable PXE booting in your BIOS and watch it automatically install. One small minor problem you may have if you don’t have a BIOS which allows you to hit F12 or similar and segregate PXE booting for one marching only is that it will infinitely trundling through installing, rebooting, installing, rebooting.. until you transpiration your marching options. If this happens, I recommend making increasingly cups of tea until you happen to return in time to transpiration the BIOS settings. If you aren’t worldly-wise to do this for a while, you may need to add the uneaten steps 8, 9 and 10 titled “Visit The Bathroom”. 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